What is Ransomware?
Malware that locks or encrypts your files and demands payment to release them.
In plain English
Ransomware usually arrives through phishing emails, stolen passwords or unpatched systems. Many attackers also steal data first and threaten to publish it. The standard defences are tested offline backups, prompt patching, multi-factor authentication, limited access rights and staff awareness. Security advisers generally recommend contacting the authorities and a response specialist rather than paying.
Example
Staff arrive to find every document renamed with an unknown extension and a note asking for payment.
Easy to confuse with
- Phishing: Phishing is a common way in. Ransomware is what the attacker may then install.
Where you will meet it
This idea belongs to the subject area of these practice tests. We do not publish or predict real exam questions.
Related terms
- Phishing: A scam message that tricks you into giving up a password, money or access.
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA): Proving who you are with two or more different kinds of evidence.
- Encryption at rest and in transit: Scrambling data so it is unreadable without a key, while it is stored and while it moves.
Quick answers
What is Ransomware?
Malware that locks or encrypts your files and demands payment to release them.
What is the difference between Ransomware and Phishing?
Phishing is a common way in. Ransomware is what the attacker may then install.
Test yourself
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